Width for two basins
A double vanity is not a single vanity with an extra bowl. Each basin needs its own working space either side, the two need enough distance between them that two people are not touching elbows, and the cabinet still has to carry drawers around two sets of plumbing. The width that makes all three work is the number to start from.
In practice a double sink bathroom vanity starts to work around 60 inches and settles at 72. A 72 inch bathroom vanity gives each basin a genuine counter on both sides and leaves a usable middle. A 60 inch bathroom vanity fits the same layout but the middle disappears, so the counter beside each basin is where everything has to live. The 48 inch doubles answer a real case: a family bathroom or a shared ensuite where two people genuinely need a basin each at the same hour and the wall cannot move. They fit two bowls and they solve the morning. What they cannot also do is leave counter between the bowls, so they trade surface and storage for the second basin, and a single vanity of the same width would give more of both.
Past that the question changes from whether it fits to how the cabinet is broken up. An 84 or 96 inch run can carry a bank of drawers in the middle, a makeup station at one end, or a break in the counter height, and that is where a double stops being a compromise and starts being a plan.
Plumbing for two basins
Each basin needs its own trap, its own supply pair and its own shutoffs, and the two waste lines usually join before they reach the wall. That is more work behind the cabinet than a single, and it is the part that decides whether an existing bathroom can take a double at all. Where the existing rough in sits under one side of the wall, moving it is wall or floor work, not cabinet work.
It is also why cabinet layout matters more here. A double with a full open back takes an awkward pipe run without a fight, while one with fitted drawers across the whole width leaves the plumber nothing to work with. The product page for each cabinet shows how the inside is divided, and that settles the width as much as the room does.
Floating and freestanding doubles
A floating double hangs the whole cabinet, two basins and a stone top off the wall, which means the wall behind needs blocking put in while it is open. A hung cabinet earns that work back with a clear floor, which makes a long bathroom read longer, and with a counter height fixed at the wall, not dictated by an uneven floor. A freestanding double asks nothing of the wall, hides both traps behind a toe kick and forgives an uneven floor, which is why it is the common answer in a retrofit.
Weight is a real consideration on a double instead of a theoretical one. Two basins, a full width stone top and a cabinet of this size add up, and that load is what the wall fixings have to carry for the life of the bathroom.
Vanity tops
Many of these cabinets are sold without the top, which is the way the trade works: it lets the material, the basin cutouts and the faucet drilling match the room instead of the cabinet. On a double it matters more, because the two cutouts and the two sets of drilling have to be positioned together. Vanity tops is where the quartz and stone tops live, and the faucets decide the drilling, so both are chosen before the top is ordered.
The materials themselves behave the same at any width, and the single vanities page covers how quartz and natural stone differ on a bathroom counter. What is particular to a double is the span: a top this long is one piece where it can be, and where it cannot, the joint is placed with the cutouts rather than in the middle of the run.
Cabinet construction
Doubles are built the same way as the rest of the range, mainly solid poplar, ash and parawood with plywood panels on some series, and the single vanities page goes into what that construction does in a humid room.
What changes at this width is the finish. A double is the largest continuous surface in the bathroom after the floor, so the same painted white that reads as a detail on a 30 inch cabinet sets the tone of the whole room here. The names describe the tone and not the carcass underneath: painted whites, oak and whitewashed oak, walnut and acacia, and the darker onyx and celadon shades all sit over the same solid wood.
A wide single vanity instead
Two basins cost counter. On a 60 inch cabinet, two bowls leave two short ledges; the same 60 inches with one bowl gives a genuinely usable run and room for everything that normally ends up on the windowsill. If the second basin is about resale and not daily use, a wide single is usually the better room. If two people really do use the bathroom at the same moment on a weekday morning, the second basin earns its place and nothing else substitutes for it.
Bathroom vanities holds both halves of this decision, and bath accessories is where the finish gets carried through to the rest of the room.